Graphs
36 chart types — distributions, bivariate, multivariate, diagnostics.
Distribution
Histogram
What it is. Distribution of a numeric variable across bins.
Density
What it is. Smoothed density curve (KDE).
Q-Q Plot
What it is. Sample quantiles vs theoretical (normal) — linearity = normality.
P-P Plot
What it is. Observed vs theoretical probabilities.
By Group
Box Plot
What it is. Median, quartiles, outliers per group.
Violin Plot
What it is. Box plot + kernel density outline.
Strip Plot
What it is. Individual points per group.
Ridgeline
What it is. Stacked densities per group.
Bivariate
Scatter
What it is. X vs Y with optional grouping.
Line
What it is. Ordered series.
Area
What it is. Filled line — cumulatives.
Bubble
What it is. Scatter with a 3rd dimension encoded as point size.
Categorical & Crosstab
Bar / Pie / Donut / Treemap / Waterfall
What it is. Counts per category in different visual idioms.
Mosaic
What it is. Two-way crosstab as proportional rectangles.
Heatmap (aggregate)
What it is. cell × value matrix with aggregation.
Multivariate
Correlation Heatmap
What it is. Correlation matrix visualization.
Scatter Matrix
What it is. Pairs plot — scatter for each variable pair.
Radar
What it is. Compare groups across multiple dimensions.
Error Bar
What it is. Group means with standard errors.
Interaction Plot
What it is. Cell means for a 2×2 factor grid.
Time series & diagnostics
ACF / PACF
What it is. Autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation by lag.
IRF
What it is. Impulse Response — reaction to a shock.
Residuals
What it is. Residuals vs fitted.
ROC Curve
What it is. TPR vs FPR for a classifier.
Bland-Altman
What it is. Agreement between two methods.
Survival / Meta / Model
Survival Curve
What it is. Kaplan-Meier by group.
Forest Plot
What it is. Meta-analysis — per-study effects + pooled.
Funnel Plot
What it is. Publication bias check.
Coefficient / Caterpillar
What it is. Model estimates with CIs.
Marginal Effects
What it is. Marginal effects with CIs.
Control Chart
What it is. Process monitoring (UCL/LCL/mean).